[1] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[2] Tsogtbaatar, J. (2002). Forest Policy Development in Mongolia. Geoecology Institute, Mongolian Academy Sciences, Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/forest-policy-development-mongolia
[3] Akira, H., & Bayaraa, B. (2013). Identifying Trends in the Distribution of Vegetation in Mongolia in the Decade after its Transition to a Market Economy. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 47(2), 203–208. https://landportal.org/library/resources/agrisjp2019002467/identifying-trends-distribution-vegetation-mongolia-decade-after
[4] Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2020). BTI 2020 Country Report Mongolia. Bertelsmann Stiftung. https://landportal.org/library/resources/bti-2020-country-report-mongolia
[5] Bagdai, N., van der Molen, P., & Tuladhar, A. (2012). Does uncertainty exist where transparency is missing? Land privatisation in Mongolia. Land Use Policy, 29(4), 798–804. https://landportal.org/library/resources/agrisus201500217304/does-uncertainty-exist-where-transparency-missing-land
[6]Mearns, R. (2004). Sustaining Livelihoods on Mongolia’s Pastoral Commons: Insights from a Participatory Poverty Assessment. Development and Change, 35(1), 107–139. https://landportal.org/library/resources/eldisa28340/sustaining-livelihoods-mongolias-pastoral-commons
[7] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
[8] Rasmussen, D., & Annor-Frempong, C. (2015). Agriculture in Transition: Agricultural Productivity and Marketing Mongolia. World Bank. https://landportal.org/library/resources/oaiopenknowledgeworldbankorg1098623353/mongolia-agricultural-productivity-and
[9] Ykhanbai, H., & Vernooy, R. (2014). From Theory to Practice: A Decade of Co-managing Pasture and Other Natural Resources in Mongolia. In J. P. Robson, I. J. Davidson-Hunt, A. Delaney, G. Lichtenstein, L. Magole, & A. T. P. Mead (Eds.), Remembering Elinor Ostrom: Her Work and its Contribution to the Theory and Practice of Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). https://landportal.org/library/resources/handle1056866025/theory-practice-decade-co-management-pasture-and-other-natural
[10] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[11] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
[12] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[13] ibid
[14] Bagdai, N., van der Molen, P., & Tuladhar, A. (2012). Does uncertainty exist where transparency is missing? Land privatisation in Mongolia. Land Use Policy, 29(4), 798–804. https://landportal.org/library/resources/agrisus201500217304/does-uncertainty-exist-where-transparency-missing-land
Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
Nyamdorj, B., Molen, P. van der, & Tuladhar, A. M. (2014). Land privatization in urban Mongolia: An observation. Survey Review, 46(335), 90–96. https://landportal.org/library/resources/doi-1011791752270613y0000000074/land-privatization-urban-mongolia-observation
[15] Bagdai, N., van der Molen, P., & Tuladhar, A. (2012). Does uncertainty exist where transparency is missing? Land privatisation in Mongolia. Land Use Policy, 29(4), 798–804. https://landportal.org/library/resources/agrisus201500217304/does-uncertainty-exist-where-transparency-missing-land
Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[16] ibid
[17] World Bank. (2015). Land Administration and Management in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. https://landportal.org/library/resources/oaiopenknowledgeworldbankorg1098621496/land-administration-and-management
[18] Nyamdorj, B., Molen, P. van der, & Tuladhar, A. M. (2014). Land privatization in urban Mongolia: An observation. Survey Review, 46(335), 90–96. https://landportal.org/library/resources/doi-1011791752270613y0000000074/land-privatization-urban-mongolia-observation
[19] Tsogtbaatar, J. (2002). Forest Policy Development in Mongolia. Geoecology Institute, Mongolian Academy Sciences, Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/forest-policy-development-mongolia
[20]Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[21] FAO. (2020). Gender and Land Rights Database Country Profiles. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/gender-landrights-database/country-profiles/en/
[22] Ykhanbai, H., & Vernooy, R. (2014). From Theory to Practice: A Decade of Co-managing Pasture and Other Natural Resources in Mongolia. In J. P. Robson, I. J. Davidson-Hunt, A. Delaney, G. Lichtenstein, L. Magole, & A. T. P. Mead (Eds.), Remembering Elinor Ostrom: Her Work and its Contribution to the Theory and Practice of Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). https://landportal.org/library/resources/handle1056866025/theory-practice-decade-co-management-pasture-and-other-natural
[23] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
[24] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[25] Munkhbaatar, B., & Lee, J. (2015). A Study on the Improvement of Cadastral System in Mongolia, Focused on National Land Information System. XL-2/W4, 83–85. https://landportal.org/library/resources/httpsdoiorg105194isprsarchives-xl-2-w4-83-2015/study-improvement-cadastral-system
[26] USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[27] FAO. (2020). Gender and Land Rights Database Country Profiles. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/gender-landrights-database/country-profiles/en/
USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[28] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[29] Tsogtbaatar, J. (2002). Forest Policy Development in Mongolia. Geoecology Institute, Mongolian Academy Sciences, Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/forest-policy-development-mongolia
[30] Ykhanbai, H., & Vernooy, R. (2014). From Theory to Practice: A Decade of Co-managing Pasture and Other Natural Resources in Mongolia. In J. P. Robson, I. J. Davidson-Hunt, A. Delaney, G. Lichtenstein, L. Magole, & A. T. P. Mead (Eds.), Remembering Elinor Ostrom: Her Work and its Contribution to the Theory and Practice of Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). https://landportal.org/library/resources/handle1056866025/theory-practice-decade-co-management-pasture-and-other-natural
[31] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
Purevtseren, M., Tsegmid, B., Indra, M., & Sugar, M. (2018). The Fractal Geometry of Urban Land Use: The Case of Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia. Land, 7(2), 67. https://landportal.org/library/resources/103390land7020067/fractal-geometry-urban-land-use-case-ulaanbaatar-city-mongolia
[32] World Bank. (2015). Land Administration and Management in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. https://landportal.org/library/resources/oaiopenknowledgeworldbankorg1098621496/land-administration-and-management
[33] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
Batkhishig, O. (2013). Human Impact and Land Degradation in Mongolia. In J. Chen, S. Wan, G. Henebry, J. Qi, G. Gutman, G. Sun, & M. Kappas (Eds.), Dry land Esat Asia: Land Dynamics Amid Social and Climate Change (pp. 265–282). Ecosystem Science and application. The Higher Education Press. https://landportal.org/library/resources/human-impact-and-land-degradation-mongolia
Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[34] Upton, C. (2008). Land Rights, Mining and Resistance: New Struggles on Mongolia’s Pastoral Commons. Governing Shared Resources: Connecting Local Experience to Global Challenges, the Twelfth Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Commons, University of Gloucester, UK. https://landportal.org/library/resources/land-rights-mining-and-resistance-new-struggles-mongolia%E2%80%99s-pastoral-commons
[35] USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[36] Ykhanbai, H., & Vernooy, R. (2014). From Theory to Practice: A Decade of Co-managing Pasture and Other Natural Resources in Mongolia. In J. P. Robson, I. J. Davidson-Hunt, A. Delaney, G. Lichtenstein, L. Magole, & A. T. P. Mead (Eds.), Remembering Elinor Ostrom: Her Work and its Contribution to the Theory and Practice of Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). https://landportal.org/library/resources/handle1056866025/theory-practice-decade-co-management-pasture-and-other-natural
[37] Sharma, V., Dalaibuyan, B., Erdenebileg, G.-O., Natsag, M., & Adiya, S. (2016). Traditional livelihoods and mining in Mongolia’s changing climate: Exploring the potential of cross-sectoral partnerships in achieving sustainability | PreventionWeb.net. Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN). https://landportal.org/library/resources/eldisa100668/traditional-livelihoods-and-mining-mongolias-changing-climate
[38] Densambuu, B., Sainnemekh, S., Bestelmeyer, B., & Ulambayar, B. (2018). National Report on the Rangeland Health of Mongolia—Second Assessment. Green Gold-Animal health project, SDC; Mongolian National Federation of PUGs. https://landportal.org/library/resources/national-report-rangeland-health-mongolia-second-assessment
[39] WWF. (2020, May 8). The Parliament of Mongolia has approved 10 areas for national protected areas | WWF. World Wide Fund for Nature. https://www.wwf.or.th/?uNewsID=363290
[40] WWF. (2019, May 7). The Parliament of Mongolia has approved 22 areas for national protected areas | WWF. World Wide Fund for Nature. https://mongolia.panda.org/en/?uNewsID=346744
[41] Narangeral, Y., & Schmidt, S. (2021 forthcoming). Customary pastoralism in Mongolian protected areas. In S. Stevens, T. Hay-Edie, C. M. Larrea, A. R. Castillo, & N. P. Broome (Eds.), Guidelines for Recognising and Respecting Territories and Areas Conserved by Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (ICCAs) Overlapped by Protected Areas. IUCN and the ICCA Consortium.
[42] Ibid
[43] USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[44] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
[45] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[46] MRPAM. (2020). Computerized Mining Cadastre System (CMCS). CMCS Online. https://cmcs.mram.gov.mn/cmcs
[47] Daly, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[48] USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[49] Barcus, H. R. (2018). Contested Space, Contested Livelihoods: A Review of Mongolia’s Pastureland Management and Land‐Tenure Reform. Geographical Review, 108(1), 138–157.
[50] Bagdai, N., van der Molen, P., & Tuladhar, A. (2012). Does uncertainty exist where transparency is missing? Land privatisation in Mongolia. Land Use Policy, 29(4), 798–804. https://landportal.org/library/resources/agrisus201500217304/does-uncertainty-exist-where-transparency-missing-land
[51] Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2020). BTI 2020 Country Report Mongolia. Bertelsmann Stiftung. https://landportal.org/library/resources/bti-2020-country-report-mongolia
[52] USAID. (2010). Property Rights and Resource Governance: Mongolia [USAID Country Profile]. USAID. https://landportal.org/library/resources/landwiserecord1320item1348/property-rights-and-resource-governance-country-profile
[53] FAO. (2020). Gender and Land Rights Database Country Profiles. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/gender-landrights-database/country-profiles/en/
[54] ibid
[55] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[56] Narangerel, Y. (2018, March 8). Property rights in Mongolia: Making space for women? Land Portal. https://landportal.org/node/72416
[57] Boldbaatar, S. (2020, July 27). Young champions – hope for Mongolia’s herding traditions. Land Portal. https://landportal.org/node/93292
Narangeral, Y. (2019, April 23). Left behind – the Mongolian herders living at home with Mum. Land Portal. https://landportal.org/node/81349
Daley, E., Narangerel, Y., & Driscoll, Z. (2019, March 25). New research about gender, land and mining in Mongolia: Deepening understanding of coping strategies in pastoral communities. Catalyzing Innovation: Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty, Washington DC. https://landportal.org/library/resources/new-research-about-gender-land-and-mining-mongolia-deepening-understanding-coping
[58] Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2020). BTI 2020 Country Report Mongolia. Bertelsmann Stiftung. https://landportal.org/library/resources/bti-2020-country-report-mongolia
[59] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[60] Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2020). BTI 2020 Country Report Mongolia. Bertelsmann Stiftung. https://landportal.org/library/resources/bti-2020-country-report-mongolia
[61] Davies, J., Herrera, P., Ruiz-Mirazo, J., Mohamed-Katerere, J., Hannam, I., & Nuesiri, E. (2016). Improving governance of pastoral lands. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://landportal.org/library/resources/improving-governance-pastoral-lands
[62] FAO. (2018). Increase the use of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure among CSOs and Grassroots Organizations: Mongolia. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://landportal.org/library/resources/increase-use-voluntary-guidelines-responsible-governance-tenure-among-csos-and-5
[63] FAO. (2019, May 8). Mongolia moves forward on protecting its rangelands. FAO in Mongolia. http://www.fao.org/mongolia/news/detail-events/en/c/1193371/
[64] Daley, E., Lanz, K., Narangerel, Y., Driscoll, Z., Lkhamdulam, N., Grabham, J., Suvd, B., & Munkhtuvshin, B. (2018). Gender, Land and Mining in Mongolia (No. 1; WOLTS Research Report). Mokoro Ltd & PCC Mongolia. https://landportal.org/library/resources/wolts-research-report-no1/gender-land-and-mining-mongolia
[65] Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E. (2006). Land use and land tenure in Mongolia: A brief history and current issues. In: Bedunah, Donald J., McArthur, E. Durant, and Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria, Comps. 2006. Rangelands of Central Asia: Proceedings of the Conference on Transformations, Issues, and Future Challenges. 2004 January 27; Salt Lake City, UT. Proceeding RMRS-P-39. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. p. 30-36, 30–36. https://landportal.org/library/resources/land-use-and-land-tenure-mongolia-brief-history-and-current-issues
[66] Davies, J., Herrera, P., Ruiz-Mirazo, J., Mohamed-Katerere, J., Hannam, I., & Nuesiri, E. (2016). Improving governance of pastoral lands. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://landportal.org/library/resources/improving-governance-pastoral-lands
[67] WWF. (2017). WWF Strategic Plan FY17-21. World Wide Fund for Nature. https://landportal.org/library/resources/mongolia-strategic-plan-fy17-21