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Showing items 1 through 9 of 24.
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Documents de politique et mémoires
Afrique sub-saharienne, Afrique
The workshop participants were clear that now is the time for choices, and that without the will to make those choices, the likelihood of success in boosting agricultural growth on a sustained basis would be small. Without such growth, it will not be possible to improve food security or halt natural resource degradation. It seems unlikely that all countries of Africa will choose to put in place the necessary conditions for growth, which makes it all the more important to decide at the outset which conditions are most likely to beget further success.
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This paper seeks to understand how market imperfections affect the behavior of consumers in China's rural economy. A theoretical and empirical model is developed and estimated using a household-level data from six counties in Hebei Province. The results show that market development plays an important role in explaining food consumption behavior in China. As the market develops, farmers demand less grain and vegetables and consume more meat, fruit, and other food products after control for income and price effects.
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Documents de politique et mémoires
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En este número:; Familias encabezadas por mujeres: ¿desagregación útil o agregación engañosa?; Herencia de la tierra: ¿ceden su lugar los sistemas de herencia matrilineal a los de herencia patrilineal y cuáles son las repercusiones?; Nuevos informes: Sobre crédito; Nuevos informes: Sobre agua y riego; Nuevos informes: Sobre la fecundidad; Nuevos informes: Sobre la asignación de tiempo; Nuevos informes: Investigaciones sobre género en el CGIAR; Nuevos informes: Exposición del IFPRI en las reuniones preparatorias para la Conferencia de Beijing
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The author argues that African rural areas behave differently from rural areas in fully commercialized market economies. In commercialized economies, price signals quickly induce factor flows, including items such as investment and technological change. A need for more food is quickly translated into production of either more food or more non-food items to finance food imports. If agricultural potential exists in such countries, market incentives will encourage both appropriate output mixes and investment inflows; growth will then occur.
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Using a mathematical-programming agricultural-sector model of Egypt, this paper analyzes mechanisms for allocating scarce water and for charging the farmers the Operation and Management (O&M) costs of irrigation and drainage, currently covered by the government. The effects of cost recovery are negative but minor. A crop charge (based on crop water consumption per land unit) and a volumetric charge both discourage consumption. The former is easier to implement but does not stimulate water-saving technical change.
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Dans ce numéro ...; Les Ménages dirigés par des femmes : une désagrégation utile ou une agrégation trompeuse ?; Les Héritages fonciers : les systèmes matrilinéaires laissent-ils place à des systèmes patrilinéaires et quelles en sont les répercussions ?; Nouveaux rapports; Ressources
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Library Resource
Documents de politique et mémoires
In the next 25 years, South Asia's food requirements are likely to double, while its natural resource base is likely to shrink. The subcontinent, which carries 21 percent of the world's population on just 3 percent of its land area, already has a high proportion of its land under cultivation and relatively little under forest and pastures (Figure 1). Industrialization and urbanization will further encroach on agricultural and forest land.
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This study analyses seven factors used to explain the conversion of forest to pasture in Central America between 1979 and 1994: 1) favorable markets for livestock products, 2) subsidized credit and road construction, 3) land tenure policies, 4) limited technological change in livestock, 5) policies which reduce timber values, 6) reduced levels of political violence, and 7) characteristics specific to cattle which make it attractive.
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This paper examines the current status of HIV/AIDS infection, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, and reviews existing models that look at the future impact that the disease is likely to have on population growth, economic growth, and food security, especially as it spreads to rural areas. Because population growth is considered by many to be the foremost problem facing developing countries in 2020, the paper addresses the question of whether population growth kept in check by AIDS mortality might lead to greater availability of food in 2020 than would be possible without AIDS.
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