Résultats de la recherche | Land Portal

Résultats de la recherche

Showing items 1 through 9 of 14.
  1. Library Resource
    Articles et Livres
    décembre, 2004
    Brésil

    The vegetation cover plays a key role in protection and conservation of natural resources, particularly concerning soils. This study had as objective to analyze space and time dimensions of anthropic influence on the vegetation cover in part of the semi-arid region of the Ceará State, Brazil. LANDSAT TM-5 satellite images of 1985 and 1994 combined with geoprocessing techniques were used to verify the hypothesis of intensification of environmental degradation. Maps of the vegetation cover, land use, soils, and hydrography were elaborated.

  2. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2004
    Costa Rica

    We summarize existing theoretical claims linking poverty to rates of deforestation and then examine this linkage empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. Our data facilitate an empirical analysis of the implications for deforestation of where the poor live. Without controlling for this, impacts of poverty per se are confounded by richer areas being different from the areas inhabited by the poor, who we expect to find on more marginal lands, for instance less profitable lands.

  3. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2004
    Costa Rica

    We review claims about the potential for carbon markets that link both payments for carbon services and poverty levels to ongoing rates of tropical deforestation. We then examine these effects empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. We find significant effects of the relative returns to forest on deforestation rates. Thus, carbon payments would induce conservation and also carbon sequestration, and if land users were poor could conserve forest while addressing rural poverty.

  4. Library Resource
    Articles et Livres
    décembre, 2004
    Inde, Brésil, Chine, Argentine

    There are two mechanisms by which modern genetically modified organism (GMO) products can affect productivity in developing countries. The first is the Genes for Rent mechanism where a recipient country agrees with a GMO company to incorporate a GMO product (e.g., a Bt gene in cotton varieties) and pay a technology fee. The second is the Transgenic Breeding mechanism in which National Agricultural Research System (NARS) breeders use modern biotech methods marker-aided breeding, genetic maps, and genomics research to produce GMO traits of economic value in crop varieties.

  5. Library Resource
    Articles et Livres
    décembre, 2004
    Mexique

    Site degradation occurs mainly through deterioration of the soil's capacity to capture and store water, as well as the loss of organic matter or the accumulation of salts or other toxic substances in the soil. This degradation process, leading to the reduction of the biotic potential of the site, is known as desertification. In this study, changes in bulk density, organic matter, and electrical conductivity are used as indicators of desertification in northeast Mexico.

  6. Library Resource
    Documents et rapports de conférence
    décembre, 2004
    Panama

    A discrete choice dynamic model was used to predict land use change for an area in Panama. Our results show not only that our modeling technique performs better than static models, but it is also superior to previous attempts to model land use change in a dynamic fashion.

  7. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    mars, 2004
    Afrique, Amérique centrale, Amérique du Sud

    The last decade has seen the emergence of a number of innovative community level initiatives inAsia, Africa and Latin America for agrobiodiversity development and conservation.Traditional knowledge systems form and integral part of many of these programs.However, there is still a considerable lack of awareness of the importance of traditionalagrobiodiversity knowledge systems and of the successes of these new initiatives within formalscience institutions.

  8. Library Resource
    Documents et rapports de conférence
    décembre, 2004
    Pérou, Honduras, Amérique centrale, Amérique du Sud

    We evaluate the impact of agricultural land market liberalization policies in Latin America by empirically examining the degree to which the reforms have broken down the dependence of operational area on owned area. We use panel data sets from Honduras and Peru to estimate the relationship between operational and owned land holdings for pre and post reform periods.

  9. Library Resource
    Articles et Livres
    décembre, 2004
    Brésil

    The Large-scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) is a multinational, interdisciplinary research program led by Brazil. Ecological studies in LBA focus on how tropical forest conversion, regrowth, and selective logging influence carbon storage, nutrient dynamics, trace gas fluxes, and the prospect for sustainable land use in the Amazon region. Early results from ecological studies within LBA emphasize the variability within the vast Amazon region and the profound effects that land-use and land-cover changes are having on that landscape.

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