Résultats de la recherche
Showing items 1 through 9 of 242.-
Library ResourceArticles et Livresjuin, 2015Sénégal
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Library Resource
Malgré des acquis, de nombreuses difficultés
Rapports et recherchesjuin, 2015NigerLe développement rural est une préoccupation centrale des politiques nigériennes depuis l’Indépendance. À cette époque, un certain optimisme était de mise quant aux potentialités de développement du secteur. Les épisodes de sécheresse des années 1970 et 1980, en révélant la crise des systèmes agraires – crise écologique et crise de la production – ont imposé au Niger de revoir sa politique de développement rural et ses modes d’intervention.
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Library ResourceLégislationjuin, 2015Burkina Faso
Le présent code régit l’ensemble des opérations relatives à la prospection, à la recherche, à l'exploitation des gîtes de substances minérales ainsi qu'au traitement, au transport, à la transformation, à la commercialisation et à l’économie des substances minérales à l’exclusion de l’eau et des hydrocarbures liquides et gazeux.
Il régit également l’ensemble des opérations de réhabilitation et de fermeture des sites d’exploitation des mines et des carrières.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuillet, 2015Bangladesh, Bhoutan, Népal
Shifting cultivation is a dominant form of farming in the eastern Himalayas, practised by a diverse group of indigenous people from the most marginalized social and economic groups. The survival of these indigenous people and the survival of their forests are inextricably linked. However, policy makers and natural resource managers perceive shifting cultivation to be wasteful, destructive to forests, and unsustainable.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Philippines
The Philippines is basically an agricultural country with about 30 per cent of the total land area of the country cultivated by almost 5 million farmers. However farm area devoted to agriculture has been decreasing due to land conversion. The basic problem is that Filipino farmers do not have the ability to buy their own lands. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program was implemented to address this problem of landlessness thru redistribution of land.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Inde, Territoire britannique de l'océan Indien
This paper analyze the colonial institutions set up by the British to collect land revenue in India, and show that differences in historical property rights institutions lead to sustained differences in economic outcomes. Areas in which proprietary rights in land were historically given to landlords have significantly lower agricultural investments, agricultural productivity and investments in public goods in the post-Independence period than areas in which these rights were given to the cultivators.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Global
During the last few years, there has been a devastating wave of forced evictions of tribal communities from forest land around the country, which needs to be stopped as soon as possible. Unfortunately, recent reports suggest that forced evictions continue in many places, with unrelenting brutality. This note discusses the problem and presents recommendations for immediate action. tribal evictions, forest lands, tribal welfare, forced evictions, common Minimum Programme,forst dwelling communities
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Norvège
Opportunistic land encroachment, resulting from costly and incomplete enforcement of common land boundaries, is a problem in many less-developed countries. A multi-period model of such encroachment is presented in this paper. The model accounts explicitly for the cumulative effects of non-compliance of regulations designed to protect a finite, non-renewable resource - in this case common land - from private expropriation. Gradual evolution of property rights from common to private - the consequence of encroachment - is demonstrated to be an equilibrium.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Norvège, République-Unie de Tanzanie
We report on a randomized field experiment using price incentives to address both economic and gender inequality in land tenure formalization. During the 1990s and 2000s, nearly two dozen African countries proposed de jure land reforms extending access to formal, freehold land tenure to millions of poor households. Many of these reforms stalled. Titled land remains the de facto preserve of wealthy households and, within households, men.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjuin, 2015Chine, Norvège, Fédération de Russie, États-Unis d'Amérique
Collective ownership of agricultural land and the remains of the administrative management of rural economy have imposed considerable insecurity on the land use rights of Chinese farmers. This insecurity constrains the movement of rural people, who fear that migration will jeopardise what land use rights they do enjoy. In this paper we describe the idiosyncratic uncertainty of land use rights, and verify its influence on migration decisions, with a special focus on the duration of migration.
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