Résultats de la recherche

1. Library Resource

   

   The Great Soy Expansion: Brazilian land grabs in Eastern Bolivia

   Articles et Livres

   décembre, 2013

   Bolivie

   Terre et sécurité alimentaire

   Terre et investissements

   investissement foncier

   investissement étranger

   In the last two decades, the best agricultural lands in Bolivia have been put into commercial production by large-scale producers closely linked to foreign investors, particularly Brazilians. Foreigners now control more than one million hectares of prime agricultural and ranching lands in Bolivia, primarily in the eastern lowland department of Santa Cruz, an important agroexport region dominated by transnational corporations and what has been termed “trans-Latina” corporations or TLCs.

2. Library Resource

   

   Land tenure reform and politics in post-conflict Côte d’Ivoire

   A precarious peace in the western cocoa regions

   Articles et Livres

   janvier, 2014

   Côte d'Ivoire

   Droits fonciers collectifs

   Land in post-conflict settings

   contexte de sortie de conflit

   réforme foncière

   conflits

   droit foncier
3. Library Resource

   

   High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change

   Publication évaluée par des pairs

   novembre, 2013

   Global

   Restauration des paysages forestiers

   foresterie

   déboisement

   terrain forestier

   ressource naturelle

   Quantification of global forest change has been lacking despite the recognized importance of forest ecosystem services. In this study, Earth observation satellite data were used to map global forest loss (2.3 million square kilometers) and gain (0.8 million square kilometers) from 2000 to 2012 at a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The tropics were the only climate domain to exhibit a trend, with forest loss increasing by 2101 square kilometers per year.

4. Library Resource

   

   Negotiating Access to Land in Nepal

   Publication évaluée par des pairs

   décembre, 2013

   Népal

   développement

   développement rural

   structure agraire

   politique foncière

   zone rurale

   agriculture

   accès à la terre

   droit d'usage

   In a rural agrarian economy like that of Nepal, land has traditionally been a primary source of livelihood and security, as well as a symbol of status. Thousands of poor farmers are completely dependent on land for their livelihoods, yet not all of them have access to or control over this fundamental resource. Negotiation for access to land has been a lengthy and complicated process. It remains so in the changed political context of Nepal, where increasing numbers of emerging actors need to be considered, often with conflicting claims and counterclaims.

5. Library Resource

   

   Islamic Law, Women's Rights, and Popular Legal Consciousness in Malaysia

   Publication évaluée par des pairs

   février, 2013

   Malaisie

   Terre et genre

   equité entre les sexes

   loi foncière

   état de droit

   loi islamique

   droit foncier

   régime foncier religieux

   femme

   Drawing on original survey research, this study examines how lay Muslims in Malaysia understand foundational concepts in Islamic law. The survey finds a substantial disjuncture between popular legal consciousness and core epistemological commitments in Islamic legal theory. In its classic form, Islamic legal theory was marked by its commitment to pluralism and the centrality of human agency in Islamic jurisprudence. Yet in contemporary Malaysia, lay Muslims tend to understand Islamic law as being purely divine, with a single “correct” answer to any given question.

6. Library Resource

   

   Constructing Rights

   Indigenous Peoples at the Public Hearings of the National Inquiry into Customary Rights to Land in Sabah, Malaysia

   Publication évaluée par des pairs

   novembre, 2013

   Malaisie

   Droits fonciers collectifs

   développement

   territoire indigène

   droit foncier

   droits d' usage

   droit foncier coutumier

   droits fonciers des peuples autochtones

   régime coutumier

   Peuples Autochtones

   Malaysia has declared its vision of developed country status by the year 2020. Much has been written about its top-down development approach, its relative economic success and the social as well as environmental costs of such approach. In 2011 and 2012 the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (SUHAKAM) set into motion a national inquiry into the status of customary rights to land in the country. As part of the inquiry, a nationwide series of consultations was held over several months in 2012, culminating in formal public hearings in Peninsular Malyasia, Sarawak and Sabah.

7. Library Resource

   

   Property and Sovereignty: Legal and Cultural Perspectives

   Articles et Livres

   mai, 2013

   Timor-Leste

   politique foncière

   propriété foncière

   possession

   Discusses sovereignty from a range of perspectives, exploring both political and owner sovereignty. Covers a wide range of topics related to property rights, which will be of interest to those studying legal philosophy, property theory, international and comparative law, and political sociology.

8. Library Resource

   

   USAID Assists Timor-Leste in Developing Land Policies, Ending Conflict

   Articles et Livres

   janvier, 2013

   Timor-Leste

   Conflits liés à la terre

   gouvernance foncière

   loi foncière

   politique foncière

   conflit foncier

   dispute foncière

   tenure foncière

   propriété foncière

   A nation formed just 10 years ago, Timor-Leste struggles to overcome complex challenges of land ownership and use rights that were created under Portuguese and Indonesian rule. Competing land claims between individuals, and between individuals and the state, are quite common and occasionally result in armed conflict and deaths. Complicating the problem is the absence of a property rights legal framework in which to address land matters.

9. Library Resource

   

   Land privatization in urban Mongolia: an observation

   Publication évaluée par des pairs

   décembre, 2013

   Mongolie

   Régime urbain

   urbanisation

   terrains urbains

   propriété foncière

   Propriété privée

   propriété individuelle de la terre

   The land privatization process in Mongolia mainly concerns residential land. The process is considered to perform slowly. The deadline for free allocation of residential land was extended from 2005 to 2013. Still, the number of families that have acquired private landownership during that period is low. This paper aims to take a closer look at the operational process in Ulaanbaatar. The paper finds that, when citizens apply, in a majority of cases the legal deadline to be granted a land-ownership right is actually met.

10. Library Resource

    

    Human Impact and Land Degradation in Mongolia

    Publication évaluée par des pairs

    décembre, 2013

    Mongolie

    Terre et investissements

    Dégradation et Régime des Terres

    Terres, changement climatique et environnement

    Pâturages, terres arides et pastoralisme

    gestion foncière

    changement climatique

    dégradation des terres

    espace pastoral

    gestion de terre agricole

    pâturage

    conservation des terres

    industrie minière

    eau

    investissement foncier

    Climate warming and human actions both have negative impacts on the land cover of Mongolia, and are accelerating land degradation. Anthropogenic factors which intensify the land degradation process include mining, road erosion, overgrazing, agriculture soil erosion, and soil pollution, which all have direct impacts on the environment. In 2009–2010, eroded mining land in Mongolia increased by 3,984.46 ha., with an expansion in surrounding road erosion. By rough estimation, transportation eroded 1.5 million ha. of land.