Résultats de la recherche

1. Library Resource

   

   Gender and Citizenship: Supporting Resources Collection

   Ressources et Outils d'entraînement

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Slovénie, Liechtenstein, Bangladesh, Slovaquie, El Salvador, Croatie, Chili, Zimbabwe, Allemagne, Suisse, Hongrie, Australie, République-Unie de Tanzanie, Pologne, Inde, Brésil, République tchèque, Europe orientale, Global, Amérique centrale, Afrique orientale, Amérique du Sud, Afrique australe, Asie orientale, Caraïbes, Asie méridionale, Asie central

   Terre et genre

   droit foncier

   développement rural

   Citizenship is an abstract concept and therefore great care must be taken in explaining what it means in practice and what can effectively be done in the context of development interventions and policy. Development projects which enhance the ability of marginalised groups to access and influence decision-making bodies are implicitly if not explicitly working with concepts of citizenship. Citizenship is about concrete institutions, policy and structures and the ways in which people can shape them using ideas of rights and participation.

2. Library Resource

   

   Macroeconomic policy choices for growth and poverty reduction: access to land, growth and poverty reduction in Malawi

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2005

   Malawi

   accès à la terre

   Malawi has pursued an agricultural-led development strategy since independence in 1964. This was a dual strategy which promoted estate agriculture for export earnings on the one hand, and smallholder agriculture for food security and subsistence needs.

3. Library Resource

   

   Access to land, growth and poverty reduction in Malawi

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Afrique sub-saharienne

   pauvreté

   terre

   tenure foncière

   After four decades of agricultural-led development strategies in the postindependent Malawi, economic growth has been erratic and a large proportion of the population live below the poverty line and studies suggests that the poverty situation has worsened. Agricultural policies favoured large-scale (estate) production at the expense of smallholder farmers who account for more than 80 percent of households.

4. Library Resource

   

   A note on food security and land tenure security in Lesotho

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Afrique sub-saharienne

   Terre et sécurité alimentaire

   sécurité alimentaire

   terre

   tenure foncière

   In this note of food security and land tenure security in Lesotho, the authors present arguments in favour of the enactment and implementation of a legislation in Lesotho that will enhance land tenure security in the country.

5. Library Resource

   

   Community empowerment and scaling-up in urban areas

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Zambie

   possession

   zone urbaine

   CARE began PROSPECT (Program of Support for Poverty Elimination and Community Transformation) in 1998. PROSPECT aims to reduce poverty in peri-urban areas of Lusaka. It employs a community-based approach to carry out three types of activities: social empowerment (institution building at the local level), personal empowerment (microfinance), and infrastructure improvement (mostly water supply schemes). PROSPECT has attempted to carry out these activities largely through its support of area-based organizations (ABOs) that now form part of city government.

6. Library Resource

   

   Assessing micro-finance services in agricultural sector development

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Ouganda, Afrique orientale

   gestion foncière

   A Case Study of Semi-Formal Financial Institutions in Tanzania Background In Tanzania, as in other parts of Africa, lack of credit severely constrains sustainable agricultural development. Deficient or inappropriate collateral, credit rationing, lender preferences for high-income customers borrowing large amounts, and bureaucratic procedures in the formal financial sector are often identified as key factors contributing to low access to credit among most rural dwellers.

7. Library Resource

   

   Assets at marriage in rural Ethiopia

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Éthiopie, Afrique orientale

   zone rurale

   This paper contributes to the economic analysis of marriage and the family by examining and analyzing the relative importance of potential determinants of assets brought to marriages in rural Ethiopia. One potential determinant is assortative matching, whereby the rich marry the rich and the poor marry the poor, generating a positive correlation between assets brought to marriage by both spouses. Another determinant explored is compensating parental transfers at marriage, whereby parents reduce assets transferred to their marrying children if their spouses bring more.

8. Library Resource

   

   Market institutions

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2005

   Bangladesh, Asie méridionale, Éthiopie, Indonésie, Kenya, Pérou

   possession

   This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context.Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two.

9. Library Resource

   

   Linkages between poverty and land management in rural Uganda

   evidence from the Uganda National Household Survey, 1999/00

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   Afrique orientale, Afrique sub-saharienne, Afrique, Ouganda

   Terres, changement climatique et environnement

   gestion foncière

   pauvreté

   population rurale

   dégradation des terres

   This study investigates the impacts of rural poverty on farmers’ land management decisions, crop production and incomes, based upon analysis of data from the 1999/2000 Uganda National Household Survey.

10. Library Resource

    

    The emergence and spreading of an improved traditional soil and water conservation practice in Burkina Faso

    Documents de politique et mémoires

    décembre, 2004

    Afrique occidentale, Afrique sub-saharienne, Afrique, Burkina Faso

    Terres, changement climatique et environnement

    Gestion foncière durable

    gestion des eaux

    pauvreté

    système d'exploitation agricole

    investissement foncier

    dégradation des terres

    "This paper describes the emergence of improved traditional planting pits (zaï) in Burkina Faso in the early 1980s as well as their advantages, disadvantages and impact. The zaï emerged in a context of recurrent droughts and frequent harvest failures, which triggered farmers to start improving this local practice. Despair triggered experimentation and innovation by farmers. These processes were supported and complemented by external intervention. Between 1985 and 2000 substantial public investment has taken place in soil and water conservation (SWC).