Résultats de la recherche | Land Portal

Résultats de la recherche

Showing items 1 through 9 of 21.
  1. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004
    Global

    Land quality in the man-modified agricultural landscapes of eastern Africa has been shown to degrade over time, resulting in higher demands for farm inputs in order to sustain productivity. Loss of biodiversity has also been observed in all these areas of land use change. It has therefore become important to know how land use change contributes to land degradation and how land use change leads to biodiversity loss. This paper from the collaborative LUCID project describes a framework for the analysis between land use change, biodiversity loss and land degradation for the first time.

  2. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004
    Global

    This paper looks at the dynamics of land and violent conflict. It states that conflict situations in rural societies deeply affect the politics of land, and that land requires a careful approach by policy makers because it is a central element in the evolution of societies. As a result, policies pertaining to land are not neutral in terms of conflict management.The paper argues that donors seeking to promote peace and development should tackle land issues in recipient countries more systematically, more carefully and in a more coherent manner.

  3. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004

    The authors address questions such as: (1) how do parents allocate land and education between sons and daughters? (2) how do changing returns to land and human capital affect parents' investments in children? (3) what do gender differences in land and schooling mean for the welfare of men and women? (4) is gender equity compatible with efficiency and growth? The book is based on intensive household surveys in Ghana, Indonesia, and the Philippines." -- From Text

  4. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004
    Zambie

    CARE began PROSPECT (Program of Support for Poverty Elimination and Community Transformation) in 1998. PROSPECT aims to reduce poverty in peri-urban areas of Lusaka. It employs a community-based approach to carry out three types of activities: social empowerment (institution building at the local level), personal empowerment (microfinance), and infrastructure improvement (mostly water supply schemes). PROSPECT has attempted to carry out these activities largely through its support of area-based organizations (ABOs) that now form part of city government.

  5. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004

    Aunque muchos de los pobres en el mundo en desarrollo no tienen tierras, la mayoría de ellos tienen algún acceso a la tierra. Estos “minifundistas pobres” siguen siendo pobres no sólo porque su propiedad es pequeña, sino también porque sus derechos a la tierra son débiles e inseguros. La inseguridad que sienten debilita sus incentivos para hacer inversiones a largo plazo en sus tierras o para usarla de manera sostenible. Sus tierras tienen un valor económico limitado porque no las pueden transferir legalmente.

  6. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004

    Alrededor del 40% de los alimentos del mundo y el 60% de sus granos se producen utilizando métodos de irrigación. Entre los años 1900 y 1950, la superficie total irrigada a través del mundo entero prácticamente se duplicó, aumentando aproximadamente de 48 millones a 94 millones de hectáreas. Hacia el año 2000, la superficie había aumentado nuevamente más del doble, alcanzando 240 millones de hectáreas. Esta expansión dramática de las zonas irrigadas ha dado lugar a una infraestructura enorme y costosa.

  7. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004
    Ouganda, Afrique orientale

    A Case Study of Semi-Formal Financial Institutions in Tanzania Background In Tanzania, as in other parts of Africa, lack of credit severely constrains sustainable agricultural development. Deficient or inappropriate collateral, credit rationing, lender preferences for high-income customers borrowing large amounts, and bureaucratic procedures in the formal financial sector are often identified as key factors contributing to low access to credit among most rural dwellers.

  8. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004

    This brief considers the benefits and costs of alternative tenure and institutional arrangements and the impact of existing legal and policy frameworks on the sustainability and equity of pastoral production systems under three categories of landownership: (1) state ownership; (2) individual ownership; and (3) common property... Achieving efficient, equitable, and sustainable rangeland management depends on the costs and benefits of alternative systems. These costs and benefits, in turn, depend on agroecological, sociocultural, and economic characteristics.

  9. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004

    Governments are now shifting their role from direct management of irrigation systems to regulation of the water sector, provision of support services to water user associations, and capacity building among water user associations and irrigation service providers.... International experience suggests that successful irrigation sector reform programs establish both a policy working group and a national secretariat that help to guide and coordinate the planning and implementation of the reform process.

  10. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2004
    Éthiopie, Afrique orientale

    This paper contributes to the economic analysis of marriage and the family by examining and analyzing the relative importance of potential determinants of assets brought to marriages in rural Ethiopia. One potential determinant is assortative matching, whereby the rich marry the rich and the poor marry the poor, generating a positive correlation between assets brought to marriage by both spouses. Another determinant explored is compensating parental transfers at marriage, whereby parents reduce assets transferred to their marrying children if their spouses bring more.

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