ويضع نُهجاً جديدة التقدم » العالم الآن إلى أن يغير أفكاره عن للنجاح الاقتصادي في المستقبل. والغرض من تقرير حالة الغابات في العالم 2012 ، مثل التقارير التسعة التي سبقته، هو أن يكون بمثابة مرجع لدعم السياسات والبحوث المتعلقة بالغابات. وعلاوة على ذلك، فإنني آمل أن تساعد بعض الأفكار التي يقدمها التقرير في تنشيط النقاش ووضع نُهج مبتكرة تساعد على دفع الاقتصاد العالمي في اتجاه أكثر اخضراراً.
Brazil, China and India have seen
falling poverty in their reform periods, but to varying
degrees and for different reasons. History left China with
favorable initial conditions for rapid poverty reduction
through market-led economic growth; at the outset of the
reform process there were ample distortions to remove and
relatively low inequality in access to the opportunities so
created, though inequality has risen markedly since. By
Besides India, there are a few other countries like Mexico, Spain, Pakistan, Bangladesh and China which also make intensive use of groundwater. This highlight reviews groundwater institutions and policies in these countries, with a special focus on the interlinkages between energy and groundwater. It finds that while there are useful lessons from international experience, none of the other countries offer unmetered electricity to farmers as India does. It is this lack of energy accounting and resistance to metering that is at the heart of the invidious energy-irrigation nexus in India.
In India, as in many developing
countries, land continues to have enormous economic, social,
and symbolic relevance. How access to land can be obtained,
and how ownership of land can be documented, are questions
essential to the livelihoods of the large majority of the
poor, especially in rural and tribal areas. Answers to these
questions will determine to what extent India's
increasingly scarce natural resources are managed. Moreover,
The present document provides an insight on the incidences of past disasters, and administrative, demographic, socio-economic and infra-structure perspective of the Uttarkashi district for assessing the vulnerability and capacity of the district in disaster risk reduction. The author has also attempted to discuss the causes and consequqneces of the recent event along with the response by various stakeholders. The report summarises the lessons learnt achieving and recommends measures that would be useful in devising strategies for achieving disaster risk reduction
The purpose of this document is to promote a dialogue about land issues between FAO and its member countries, indigenous peoples, the Permanent Forum and other interested organizations. It outlines a number of basic principles of a methodological approach for indigenous peoples’ territorial recognition, starting from the consideration that a simple legal recognition is often not sufficient to improve living conditions for these communities. A more open reflection on the delicate theme of ‘development’ is also promoted and sought.
En pocas palabras, la escasez de agua tiene lugar cuando la demanda supera el suministro de agua dulce en un área determinada. Escasez de agua = un exceso de demanda de agua para el suministro disponible Esta situación aparece como consecuencia de una elevada demanda agregada por parte de todos los sectores que consumen agua respecto al suministro disponible, bajo las condiciones de infraestructuras y las disposiciones institucionales existentes.
Irrigation has made a major contribution
to poverty reduction in the past decades, enabling higher
yields and better nutrition. Despite these achievements,
large-scale irrigation schemes have usually yielded low
returns and attracted negative publicity because of their
adverse environmental and social impacts. As a result, the
Bank has largely switched its support for irrigation away
from new construction toward rehabilitation and policy
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