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Showing items 1 through 9 of 14.-
Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 2005Mexique, Amérique latine et Caraïbes
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 2005Bangladesh, Asie méridionale, Éthiopie, Indonésie, Kenya, Pérou
This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context.Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 2004Brésil
Abstract
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresdécembre, 2004États-Unis d'Amérique
Since 1992, the European Union has protected high-quality agricultural products based on geographical origin using designations of geographical indications (GIs). U.S. producers and processors can obtain a type of trademark called a certification mark, which provides similar protections to that of GIs but protects products only within the United States. In the current round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations, the European Union and other countries are seeking to expand protection through GIs. If they achieve the full range of protection they are seeking, many U.S.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresmars, 2004Afrique, Amérique centrale, Amérique du Sud
The last decade has seen the emergence of a number of innovative community level initiatives inAsia, Africa and Latin America for agrobiodiversity development and conservation.Traditional knowledge systems form and integral part of many of these programs.However, there is still a considerable lack of awareness of the importance of traditionalagrobiodiversity knowledge systems and of the successes of these new initiatives within formalscience institutions.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresdécembre, 2004Costa Rica
We summarize existing theoretical claims linking poverty to rates of deforestation and then examine this linkage empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. Our data facilitate an empirical analysis of the implications for deforestation of where the poor live. Without controlling for this, impacts of poverty per se are confounded by richer areas being different from the areas inhabited by the poor, who we expect to find on more marginal lands, for instance less profitable lands.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresdécembre, 2004Costa Rica
We review claims about the potential for carbon markets that link both payments for carbon services and poverty levels to ongoing rates of tropical deforestation. We then examine these effects empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. We find significant effects of the relative returns to forest on deforestation rates. Thus, carbon payments would induce conservation and also carbon sequestration, and if land users were poor could conserve forest while addressing rural poverty.
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Library ResourceRessources et Outils d'entraînementDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 2004Slovénie, Liechtenstein, Bangladesh, Slovaquie, El Salvador, Croatie, Chili, Zimbabwe, Allemagne, Suisse, Hongrie, Australie, République-Unie de Tanzanie, Pologne, Inde, Brésil, République tchèque, Europe orientale, Global, Amérique centrale, Afrique orientale, Amérique du Sud, Afrique australe, Asie orientale, Caraïbes, Asie méridionale, Asie central
Citizenship is an abstract concept and therefore great care must be taken in explaining what it means in practice and what can effectively be done in the context of development interventions and policy. Development projects which enhance the ability of marginalised groups to access and influence decision-making bodies are implicitly if not explicitly working with concepts of citizenship. Citizenship is about concrete institutions, policy and structures and the ways in which people can shape them using ideas of rights and participation.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresdécembre, 2004Burkina Faso, Honduras, République dominicaine, Lesotho, Cuba, Nicaragua, Inde, Sénégal, Brésil
Access to land is essential to food production and income generation. It is also a key social and economic asset, crucial for cultural identity, political power and participation in decisionmaking. Social and cultural beliefs often discriminate against people because of gender, social class or ethnic group.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresdécembre, 2004Burkina Faso, Honduras, Nicaragua, Inde, Lesotho, Sénégal, Cuba
El acceso a la tierra es indispensable para la producción de alimentos y la generación de ingresos. Asimismo, constituye un bien social y económico decisivo, que reviste una importancia crucial para la identidad cultural, el poder político y la participación en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Las creencias sociales y culturales suelen dar lugar a discriminación contra las personas por motivos de género, clase social o grupo étnico.
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