L’agriculture française affiche des résultats insatisfaisants : un emploi qui diminue, des revenus faibles dans certaines activités, un environnement qui se dégrade de façon patente et une performance commerciale qui s’érode. Dans cette Note du CAE, les trois auteurs Jean‐Christophe Bureau, Lionel Fontagné et Sébastien Jean livrent leur constat et pointent les écueils des politiques publiques dédiées à ce secteur.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesfévrier, 2016Europe, France
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesmars, 2016Europe, France
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesfévrier, 2016France
Source: benoistbusson.fr
Le rapport revient sur les raison de l’augmentation du coût du foncier (entre 2006 et 2014, le prix des terrains a augmenté de 76 % en France !)
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Pays-Bas
PURPOSE: The expected increase in demand for food raises concerns about the expansion of agricultural land worldwide. To avoid expansion, we need to focus on increasing land productivity, reducing waste, and shifting human diets. Studies exploring diet shifts so far have ignored competition for land between humans and animals. Our objective was to study the relation between land use, the share of animal protein in the human diet, population size, and land availability and quality.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Allemagne
The urban heat island effect poses a challenge in several cities, and may affect human and ecosystem health. It was proven that relatively small urban conglomerations in mid-latitudes, such as the case study region of Rostock, have undergone a considerable effect recently, noticeable particularly in the warm season. Due to climatic changes, these effects are expected to alter in intensity and/or frequency. This was investigated using a model that focuses on interactions between land use and surface temperatures and on specific air conditions in cities.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Belgique
Based on an extensive survey of woodland visitors in Wallonia, south Belgium, we examined a wide range of individual-, residential- and destination-level variables for their associations with the distance travelled for woodland leisure on foot, by bicycle and by car. For each transport mode, explanatory bivariate analyses were conducted firstly to identify potential correlates of the distances travelled. Then, cross-classified multilevel analysis was performed to build estimation models for the trip distance.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Suisse
Urbanization is viewed as endangering more critical habitats of global value and is more ubiquitous than any other human activity affecting biodiversity, climate, water and nutrient cycles at multiple scales. Spatial and landscape planning can help create alternative urban patterns protecting ecosystems and thus supporting the provision of needed services they provide. While many approaches exist to make the values of nature explicit, new tools are needed to interpret the vast quantity of information in an integrated assessment to support planning.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Pays-Bas, Suisse, Finlande, Suède, Allemagne, Danemark, Autriche
Farmers are key actors in land management confronted with societyâs increasing demand for public goods. Understanding farmersâ values and motivations is essential to policy makers to foster more sustainable production practices. So far, no definite value profile for European farmers exists. Based on Schwartzâs theory of basic human values, we statistically analyzed six rounds of the European Social Survey to explore farmersâ value orientations in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016France
A new phytoplankton-based index was designed to respond to the Water Framework Directive (WFD) requirements concerning the assessment of lake ecological status. The âIndice Phytoplancton Lacustreâ (IPLAC) is a multimetric index, taking into account biomass, abundance and species composition of communities. The first metric is based on the total phytoplankton biomass (MBA), the second on the abundance and taxonomic composition (MCS) of 165 indicator taxa. The IPLAC was developed on 2 independent databases, one for the calibration and the second for the validation of the metrics.
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Library ResourceArticles et Livresdécembre, 2016Allemagne
The gap between point measurements made during a measurement campaign and the required discrete data of human thermal comfort in the form of maps could be overcome by statistical or numerical models. City planners usually demand thermal maps with a resolution below 50m. The required input data for the statistical models were meteorological data at high resolution as well as land use and land cover data including morphological data. Meteorological data were obtained through car traverses on a measuring campaign on hot summer days in July 2014.
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