Résultats de la recherche | Land Portal

Résultats de la recherche

Showing items 1 through 9 of 186.
  1. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2002
    Inde, Chine

    Rural poverty in India and China has declined substantially in recent decades. This welcome development has come about largely because governments in both countries have invested in agricultural research, education, infrastructure, and other areas important to the rural poor. But what kinds of investments have reduced poverty the most? A clear answer to this question can help policymakers invest limited resources in ways that most benefit the poor. Recent studies by IFPRI and collaborators in India and China show that different kinds of rural public investment pay a range of dividends.

  2. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2002
    Chine

    In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country.

  3. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    octobre, 2009
    Indonésie, États-Unis d'Amérique, Inde, Malaisie, Chine, Asie

    The production of biofuels has been supported by many conservationists and environmentalists on the grounds that it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is a renewable energy substitute for non-renewable fossil fuels, mainly oil. More recently the domestic production of biofuels (and the domestic supply of other forms of alternative energy) have been welcomed by several nations as ways to reduce their oil imports and increase their energy self-sufficiency, as for example, has happened in the United States.

  4. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    mars, 2008
    Inde, Brésil, Chine, États-Unis d'Amérique

    We quantify the emergence of biofuel markets and its impact on U.S. andworld agriculture for the coming decade using the multi-market multi-commodityinternational FAPRI model. The model incorporates the tradeoffs between biofuel, feed,and food production and consumption and international feedback effects of theemergence through world commodity prices and trade. We examine land allocation bytype of crop, and pasture use for countries growing feedstock for ethanol (corn,sorghum, wheat, sugarcane, and other grains) and major crops competing with feedstockfor land resources such as oilseeds.

  5. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    juillet, 2008
    Chine

    Caragana microphylla was the dominant plant species to be used to control desertification in semi-arid Horqin Sandy Land, China. To elucidate the cover effect of Caragana microphylla planted for 25 years on spatial distribution of soil nutrients including C, N, P and K, soil samples were taken from four soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm) and three slope positions (windward slope, top slope, and leeward slope). Soil nutrients under shrubs (US) and between shrubs (BS) were compared to investigate the enrichment effect of plantation.

  6. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2008
    Chine

    This paper investigates the economic incentives for urban spatial expansion in China by estimating the value of urban land using an econometric model applied to data from the 220 largest Chinese cities for the period 1996-2003. The results are consistent with the proposition that the rapid rate of urban spatial expansion resulted from a combination of fiscal pressure on local governments and governance reforms that gave local governments greater control over land and investment policies.

  7. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    mai, 2010
    Viet Nam, Chine, Asie

    China began its economic reforms in 1979 and Vietnam followed in 1986. Since then both countries have experienced rapid economic growth, falling poverty rates and significant rises in per capita income. At the same time, substantial restructuring of their economies has occurred, a feature of which has been a decline in the relative contribution of agriculture to total employment and output. These changes are outlined. Significant changes have also occurred in the agricultural sectors of China and Vietnam and these are reviewed.

  8. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2010
    Éthiopie, Chine, Afrique

    Migration is considered a pathway out of poverty for many rural households in developing countries. National policies can discourage households from exploiting external employment opportunities through the distortion of capital markets. Studies in China show that the presence of state and collectively owned land creates inefficiencies in the labor market. We examine the extent restrictions on land rights impede mobility in Ethiopia, having the lowest urbanization rate in sub-Saharan Africa.

  9. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2006
    Chine

    The North China Plain is the country's granary: most of wheat and maize is supplied by this region in the northeast of China. Intensity of agricultural production has risen sharply in the last decades and the negative environmental effects like water scarcity, salinization and nitrate contamination have been widely acknowledged. In the wake of the country's rapid economic development it becomes at the same time more and more urgent to narrow the gap between the well-being of the urban and rural population.

  10. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2002
    Chine

    This paper uses household data from Northeast China to examine the link between investment and land tenure insecurity induced by China’'s system of village-level land reallocation. We quantify expropriation risk using a hazard analysis of individual plot tenures and incorporate the predicted “hazards of expropriation” into an empirical analysis of plot-level investment. Our focus is on organic

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