The paper departs from the standard practice that takes the estimated marginal effects of either the amount of credit received or membership in a credit program as measures of the impact of access to credit on household welfare. The marginal effects of the formal credit limit variable on household welfare, controlling for the credit limit from informal sources as well as the credit demanded from both sources, measure the marginal effects of access to formal credit.
Résultats de la recherche
Showing items 1 through 9 of 514.-
Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998Malawi, Afrique
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998Inde, Asie
Poverty in rural India has declined substantially in recent decades. This steady decline in poverty was strongly associated with agricultural growth, particularly the green revolution, which in turn was a response to massive public investments in agriculture and rural infrastructure. Public investment in rural areas has also benefitted the poor through its impact on the growth of the rural non-farm economy, and government expenditure on rural poverty and employment programs,which has grown rapidly, has directly benefitted the rural poor.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998Zimbabwe, Afrique
Using an agriculture-focused CGE model for Zimbabwe with 1991 as base period, this paper examines quantitatively the income and equity effects of trade liberalization in isolation and in conjunction with potentially complementary changes in fiscal and land policies. Trade policy reform alone (dismantling of import and foreign exchange controls, and reduction of import taxes to a low uniform rate) is shown to increase aggregate disposable household income significantly.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998
En este documento de trabajo....se examinan las complejas dificultades que presenta el medio urbano para la seguridad alimentaria y la nutricion en America Latina. Se expresa particular interes en la interaccion de la malnutricion con la salud y la naturaleza de las respuestas institucionales necesarias, en vista de la nueva importancia dada en la region al fomento de la participacion del sector privado y la comunidad en la prestacion de asistencia social.
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Library Resourcejanvier, 1998Inde, Asie méridionale
Training materials
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 1998
Alars que Ie monde se prepare au nouveau millenaire, tous les pays s'efforcent de s'adapter a la mouvance des besoins d'un marche mondial dont la mobilite s'accrolt. A la suite d'annees de distorsions structurales et d'un desinteret generalise quant au secteur agricole du monde en developpement, les echanges commerciaux mondiaux obligent aujourd'hui les economies agraires, plus pauvres, a jauger leurs avantages naturels compares et a s'adapter rapidement.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998Afrique
How much extra net income growth can be had in rural areas of Africa by increasing the spending power of local households? The answer depends on how rural households spend increments to income, whether the items desired can be imported to the local area in response to increased demand, and, if not, whether increased demand will lead to new local production or simply to price rises. For every dollar in new farm income earned, at least one additional dollar could be realized from growth multipliers, according to Agricultural Growth Linkages in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1998Global
In this paper, David Bathrick describes the almost revolutionary changes that have taken place in the economic arena in recent years. This is a story of paradigm shift, where government-led economic growth through the 1970s gave way to the increasingly market-led growth we see now.
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Library ResourceRapports et recherchesjanvier, 1997Amérique latine et Caraïbes
In recent years, the countries of Latin America have made radical changes in their development strategies, including decentralization of government, privatization, and deregulation of markets. These changes have already affected the livelihoods of millions of the region’s inhabitants and promise to reshape the region’s food and agricultural system well into the 21st century.
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Library ResourceDocuments de politique et mémoiresjanvier, 1998
In this policy brief we argue that the agroecological approach to food production offers more hope of combating hunger in a sustainable fashion than does the more conventional "green revolution" strategy. While agroecological technology is suitable for small farmers, has positive impacts on equity and is environmentally friendly, the green revolution and similar approaches have caused serious land degradation and have accentuated rural inequity--the root cause of hunger.
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