Résultats de la recherche

1. Library Resource

   

   The emergence and spreading of an improved traditional soil and water conservation practice in Burkina Faso

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   Afrique occidentale, Afrique sub-saharienne, Afrique, Burkina Faso

   Terres, changement climatique et environnement

   Gestion foncière durable

   gestion des eaux

   pauvreté

   système d'exploitation agricole

   investissement foncier

   dégradation des terres

   "This paper describes the emergence of improved traditional planting pits (zaï) in Burkina Faso in the early 1980s as well as their advantages, disadvantages and impact. The zaï emerged in a context of recurrent droughts and frequent harvest failures, which triggered farmers to start improving this local practice. Despair triggered experimentation and innovation by farmers. These processes were supported and complemented by external intervention. Between 1985 and 2000 substantial public investment has taken place in soil and water conservation (SWC).

2. Library Resource

   

   Perspectiva general [in Acción colectiva y derechos de propiedad para el desarrollo sostenible]

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   agriculture

   système d'exploitation agricole

   gestion de terre agricole

   droit de propriété

   gestion des ressources naturelles

   Las instituciones de acción colectiva y los sistemas de derechos de propiedad moldean la forma en que la gente usa los recursos naturales.A su vez, estos patrones de uso afectan los resultados de los sistemas de producción agrícola de la gente. Juntos, los mecanismos de acción colectiva y los sistemas de derechos de propiedad definen los incentivos a los que la gente accede por llevar a cabo estrategias de gestión sostenible y productiva, y afectan el nivel y distribución de los beneficios de los recursos naturales.

3. Library Resource

   

   Overview [in Collective action and property rights for sustainable development]

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   agriculture

   système d'exploitation agricole

   gestion de terre agricole

   droit de propriété

   gestion des ressources naturelles

   This brief defines property rights and collective action and discusses the links to sustainability of natural resource management and agricultural systems and to poverty reduction, as well as the implications for policy and practice.

4. Library Resource

   

   Improved fallows in Kenya

   history, farmer practice, and impacts

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   Afrique orientale, Afrique sub-saharienne, Afrique, Kenya

   Régimes forestiers

   Terre et sécurité alimentaire

   systèmes agroforestiers

   sécurité alimentaire

   This case study explores the development, dissemination, adoption, and impact of improved tree fallows in rural western Kenya. The processes of technology development and dissemination throughout the region are described and analyzed. To analyze adoption and impact, the paper applies a variety of different data collection methods as well as samples from both pilot areas where researchers maintained a significant presence and non-pilot areas where farmers learned of the technologies through other channels.

5. Library Resource

   

   Comparative Study on Practices and Lessons in Land Use Planning and Land Allocation in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   Cambodge, Laos, Myanmar, Thaïlande, Viet Nam

   Terre et sécurité alimentaire

   sécurité alimentaire

   The overall objectives of the study were to collect and analyse LUP methodologies in the 4 countries and to assess the experiences and lessons learned during implementation. The comparative assessment would include land use planning approaches at various levels, ranging from participatory village level LUP activities to the elaboration of land use master plans at provincial or even regional level. Finally, recommendations were to be formulated for the countries as well as for the sub-region as a whole.

6. Library Resource

   

   Asian Farmers Fight for Survival and Control of the Rice Industry

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   décembre, 2004

   Cambodge, Indonésie, Laos, Malaisie, Myanmar, Philippines, Thaïlande, Viet Nam

   gestion de terre agricole

   agriculture

   agriculteur

   système d'exploitation agricole

   Rice is a very important commodity in our lives, as it is the staple food of about 3 billion, or three quarters, of the people in the world. Two hundred fi fty million farmers depend on rice cultivation. Ninety percent of the world’s rice is produced and consumed in Asia.

7. Library Resource

   

   Assessing micro-finance services in agricultural sector development

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   Ouganda, Afrique orientale

   gestion foncière

   A Case Study of Semi-Formal Financial Institutions in Tanzania Background In Tanzania, as in other parts of Africa, lack of credit severely constrains sustainable agricultural development. Deficient or inappropriate collateral, credit rationing, lender preferences for high-income customers borrowing large amounts, and bureaucratic procedures in the formal financial sector are often identified as key factors contributing to low access to credit among most rural dwellers.

8. Library Resource

   

   Institutional options for managing rangelands

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2004

   droit de propriété

   propriété commune

   tenure foncière

   parcours

   Propriété publique

   Propriété privée

   Propriété collective

   This brief considers the benefits and costs of alternative tenure and institutional arrangements and the impact of existing legal and policy frameworks on the sustainability and equity of pastoral production systems under three categories of landownership: (1) state ownership; (2) individual ownership; and (3) common property... Achieving efficient, equitable, and sustainable rangeland management depends on the costs and benefits of alternative systems. These costs and benefits, in turn, depend on agroecological, sociocultural, and economic characteristics.

9. Library Resource

   

   Beyond rural urban

   Documents de politique et mémoires

   janvier, 2005

   "Policies built on presumptions of separateness or on traditional notions of urban and rural livelihoods diminish the possibilities for economic growth and poverty reduction. More effective policies will take the diversity of livelihoods along the continuum into account and also appreciate the differences among urban and rural areas and the links between them. Focusing on the connections between urban and rural areas can help to reframe our understanding of development in these areas.

10. Library Resource

    

    Dynamic livelihoods

    Documents de politique et mémoires

    janvier, 2005

    Recent research provides insights into how rural conditions and livelihood strategies are changing, often in response to ongoing processes of economic transformation and urbanization. The research highlights the importance of close connections with urban areas and suggests how policies and programs can support the positive dynamics of change.