In a USAID IMPACTblog post last week, Bureau of Economic Growth, Education and Environment Assistant Administrator Eric Postel shared his observations from a recent trip to South America. While in Cartegena, he heard about the Government of Colombia’s efforts – with the support of USAID’s technical assistance programs - to restitute land, formalize property and implement rural development as the country emerges from a long-running internal conflict.
On August 2, 2012, USAID awarded the Strengthening Tenure and Resource Rights (STARR) IQC. The STARR program is a five-year contract with a shared ceiling of $700,000,000 designed to address resource tenure issues in support of key U.S.
The global community continues to focus on Voluntary Guidelines for Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests, otherwise known as the VGs. A two day meeting, held in Rome July 18 and 19, attended by more than forty participants from UN member countries, multilateral and bilateral organizations, and civil society focused on developing strategies for implementation of the Guidelines.
Working with customary legal systems to improve or ensure land tenure security or protecting property rights for people living under those systems is a substantial challenge. Much, though by no means all, development work focuses on improving the formal land administration systems – mapping, building cadastres, changing de jure laws, etc. But here is an example from Ghana of how to work with and within customary systems to create a more stable institutional environment – one that promotes investment and reduces conflict.
Here’s a new book that addresses one of the most interesting puzzles in the land tenure field: how best to formalize customary or informal rights. With chapters by some of the leading lights in land tenure work (John Bruce, Lorenzo Cotula, and Andre Hoekema) it should be a good addition to the library.
CIFOR’s Forests News blog talks about the importance of recognizing community right to forests in order to promote accountability and clarify who should receive any benefits from REDD+ payments. The challenge of recognizing and enforcing community resource rights, which typically include overlapping property rights within forests, is discussed in this new CIFOR book (see chapter 9 “Tenure Matters in REDD+”) – the basis for a presentation by chapter author Anne Larson at the recent Rio +20 meetings.
The NGO Namati, along with partner IDLO, has just issued a new report entitled “Protecting Community Lands and Resources.” Over the past decade there has been a strong shift in land tenure work away from projects that provide for individualized titling of lands and towards the recognition of customary tenure systems and the formalization of rights held by communities. Countries adopt various approaches to formalization but often pass laws that are, on their face, designed to help protect communities against illegal or coercive dispossession and loss of rights by documenting rights.
The U.S. Department of State, Bureau of International Information Programs, recently published an article that highlights the PRADD project. PRADD has operated in the Central African Republic since 2007 and assists the national government comply with the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme. The project goal is to increase the amount of alluvial diamonds entering the formal chain of custody while improving the benefits accruing to diamond miners and diamond mining communities. PRADD is managed by USAID’s Land Tenure and Property Rights Division in Washington.
The Rights and Resources Initiative has a new study out that explores the issue of community and indigenous people’s rights to forests and discusses how expanding the bundle of rights that communities hold over forest – by creating and enforcing communal rights to access, use, and manage forests and forest products – can lead to various positive outcomes. The study is a comparative analysis of the legal framework of the 27 most forested countries around the world.
Top on their list of policy recommendations: “Place tenure rights high on the global development agenda.”
On June 20th, the One Campaign posted this blog about USAID’s Kenya Justice Project. The TrustLaw blog of Thompson Reuters also picked up the story.
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