Résultats de la recherche
Showing items 1 through 9 of 468.
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Library Resource
Publication évaluée par des pairs
Algérie, Soudan, Érythrée, Éthiopie, Soudan du Sud, Cameroun, République centrafricaine, Tchad, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Nigéria, Sénégal
Desertification is defined as land degradation occurring in the global drylands. It is one of the global problems targeted under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 15). The aim of this article is to review the history of desertification and to evaluate the scientific evidence for desertification spread and severity. First quantitative estimates of the global extent and severity of desertification were dramatic and resulted in the establishment of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) in 1994. UNCCD’s task is to mitigate the negative impacts of desertification in drylands.
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Library Resource
Publication évaluée par des pairs
Groundwater resources became a recognized enabler of important rural and socio-economic development in Mediterranean countries. However, the development of this groundwater economy is currently associated with an increased pressure on the available resource and negative implications on the socio-ecological system. Managing complex socio-ecological systems, such as those that occur in water resource management, is a multi-actor, multi-scale and dynamic decision-making process.
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Library Resource
Égypte, Afrique septentrionale
The objectives of this report are to evaluate and test, with community participation; the benchmark water management options which sustainably improve water productivity, net return per water unit, and optimize water use. The strategies evaluated have to be economically viable, socially acceptable, and environmentally sound in the three different agricultural eco-systems.
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Library Resource
Algérie, Maroc, République arabe syrienne, Tunisie, Afrique septentrionale, Asie occidentale
CropSyst is the crop growth model chosen as a decision tool for the Tadla Benchmark project. CropSyst is a daily time step simulation model. The model was developed to serve as an analytic tool to study the effect of cropping systems management on productivity and the environment. The model simulates the soil water budget, soil– plant nitrogen budget, crop canopy and root growth, dry matter production, yield, residue production, and decomposition. Management options include cultivar selection, crop rotation, irrigation, nitrogen fertilization, tillage operations, and residue management.
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Library Resource
Maroc, Afrique septentrionale
The best use of irrigation water is reflected in the strategic approach of the Ministry of Agriculture and the major research objectives of institutions working on sustainable irrigation management. Related research programs can be summarized as follows:
• crop water requirements;
• irrigation techniques, especially surface irrigation;
• irrigation scheduling; and
• soil and water quality as affected by irrigation and drainage.
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Library Resource
Soudan, Afrique septentrionale
The literature identifies two common approaches for estimating technical efficiency. One approach is based on non-parametric, non-stochastic, linear programming. This suffers from the criticism that it does not take into account the possible influence of measurement error and other noise in the data (Coelli, 1995). The second approach uses econometrics to estimate a stochastic frontier function, and to estimate the inefficiency component of the error term. The disadvantage of this approach is that it imposes an explicit and possibly restrictive functional form on the technology.
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Library Resource
Afrique septentrionale, Tunisie
Tunisia, like many other countries, suffers from land degradation. Conservation agriculture is among the proper solutions to overcome this issue. The objective of our investigation is to determine the factors that influence the adoption of CA in Siliana, one of Tunisia’s most affected regions by erosion. A field survey was conducted to collect adoption data used for descriptive analysis, and for the estimation of a choice model (Logit).
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Library Resource
Maroc, Afrique septentrionale
Rice is one of the major crops cultivated predominantly in flooded paddies, thus
a large amount of water is consumed during its growing season. Accurate paddy rice maps
are therefore important inputs for improved estimates of actual evapotranspiration in the
agricultural landscape. The main objective of this study was to obtain flooded paddy rice
maps using multi-temporal images of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS) in the Krishna River Basin, India. First, ground-based spectral samples collected
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Library Resource
Égypte, Afrique septentrionale
The objective of any national water policy is, normally, to ‘Generate the maximum possible economic value for the nation’. Under water scarcity situations, water should be allocated so that users who generate a higher income per unit volume of water are given priority over those who generate less income. This applies not only to water quantity, but also to water quality. The above statements are valid when water is considered as an economic commodity.
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Library Resource
Égypte, Afrique septentrionale
Almakatei village, located on Alatf canal, was selected purposely to represent the community. Its agricultural land is located across three main districts in Menoufia Governorate – Al Bagour, Shebin Al Koum and Quesna. This was considered as one of the main advantages of selecting this site. El-Menira tertiary on Alatf canal was selected as the site for the study of the pipeline group. It is about 870 m long and it serves an area of about 40 ha. El-Hamra tertiary was selected for the study of the open canal group and serves an area of 30 ha.
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