Résultats de la recherche | Land Portal

Résultats de la recherche

Showing items 1 through 9 of 209.
  1. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    octobre, 2013
    Nigéria, Afrique

    Nigeria presents a unique case study on differences in agricultural productivity between men and women. This study, which captures a comprehensive picture of agriculture across the nation, shows that female farmers produce 16 percent less per hectare than their male counterparts, when plot size, farmer characteristics, and inputs are taken into account. This gender gap is driven by the North East and Central zones located in the Northern region of the country, where female farmers are 28 percent less productive than male farmers.

  2. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    janvier, 2013
    Chine, Asie orientale, Océanie

    Traditional economic evaluations of major transport infrastructure investments focus on the direct costs and benefits arising from travel, including user time savings, operator cost savings, and reductions in externalities including air pollution, noise, and accidents. There is an emerging consensus that major transport investments may have significant impacts that are not well captured by this type of conventional cost-benefit analysis.

  3. Library Resource

    Opportunities and Challenges for Climate-Smart Agriculture in Africa

    Rapports et recherches
    Ressources et Outils d'entraînement
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2013

    Agriculture is the economic foundation of many Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, employing about 60 percent of the workforce and contributing an average of 30 percent of gross domestic product. Yet agricultural growth rates for SSA declined in the 2000 and food insecurity remains a concern, with malnourishment only dropping from 34 to 30 percent in two decades. Various projections suggest that food production must increase by 70-100 percent by 2050 to meet the demands of a world with 9 billion people and changing diets.

  4. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    février, 2013

    Women make essential contributions to agriculture in developing countries, where they constitute approximately 43 percent of the agricultural labor force. However, female farmers typically have lower output per unit of land and are much less likely to be active in commercial farming than their male counterparts. These gender differences in land productivity and participation between male and female farmers are due to gender differences in access to inputs, resources, and services. In this paper, the authors review the evidence on productivity differences and access to resources.

  5. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    novembre, 2013

    Cities emerge from the spatial concentration of people and economic activities. But spatial concentration is not enough; the economic viability of cities depends on people, ideas, and goods to move rapidly across the urban area. This constant movement within dense cities creates wealth but also various degrees of unpleasantness and misery that economists call negative externalities, such as congestion, pollution, and environmental degradation.

  6. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    novembre, 2013

    Urban areas tend to have much more productive labor and higher salaries than rural areas, and there are vast differences across urban areas. Areas with high salaries and high productivity tend to have employers that invest in much more research and development than areas with low salaries and low productivity. This paper addresses two questions. First, it discusses the causes of these vast geographical differences in wages, human capital, and innovation. The second part of the paper discusses regional economic development policies.

  7. Library Resource
    Rapports et recherches
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    novembre, 2013

    Inexorable urbanization and formalization have been the expectations in development discourse. Indeed, measures of urbanization and formalization have been provided and used as indicators of development. But while urbanization has proceeded apace in developing countries, formalization has slowed significantly over the past quarter century. These disconnect raises questions for development analysis and development policy. Why did one expect urbanization and formalization to go together in the first place?

  8. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    juin, 2013
    Lesotho, Afrique

    This report shows that while more inclusive growth is the ultimate solution to poverty in Lesotho, the country can and should use selective social transfers to reduce poverty more rapidly among the extreme poor. But because the majority of the transfers are received by people who are not among the extreme poor there is room for increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of spending on safety nets which. These programs should be productive and concentrate on the extreme poor Basotho.

  9. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    juillet, 2013
    Inde

    Chiefly an agricultural society, India has a strong linkage between land and social status of an individual. Nearly 70 % of its population dependent on land, either as farmers or farm laborers and it is imperative to address the issues of land ensuring livelihood, dignity and food security to millions of Indians. Land reform was a major policy initiative in the country in 1950s and early 1960s.

  10. Library Resource
    Documents de politique et mémoires
    décembre, 2013
    Turquie

    A significant amount of Herbaceous species provide to be an increasing of total organic matter depending on shrub intensity in the maquis vegetation. Therefore, the yearlong mineral contents of these Herbaceous species and their importance in terms of goat feeding were investigated at this vegetation.

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