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The Indus Valley civilization, one of the world's oldest, flourished during the 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C. and extended into northwestern India. Aryan tribes from the northwest infiltrated the Indian subcontinent about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier Dravidian inhabitants created the classical Indian culture. The Maurya Empire of the 4th and 3rd centuries B.C. - which reached its zenith under ASHOKA - united much of South Asia. The Golden Age ushered in by the Gupta dynasty (4th to 6th centuries A.D.) saw a flowering of Indian science, art, and culture. Islam spread across the subcontinent over a period of 700 years. In the 10th and 11th centuries, Turks and Afghans invaded India and established the Delhi Sultanate. In the early 16th century, the Emperor BABUR established the Mughal Dynasty, which ruled India for more than three centuries. European explorers began establishing footholds in India during the 16th century.

By the 19th century, Great Britain had become the dominant political power on the subcontinent. The British Indian Army played a vital role in both World Wars. Years of nonviolent resistance to British rule, led by Mohandas GANDHI and Jawaharlal NEHRU, eventually resulted in Indian independence, which was granted in 1947. Large-scale communal violence took place before and after the subcontinent partition into two separate states - India and Pakistan. The neighboring nations have fought three wars since independence, the last of which was in 1971 and resulted in East Pakistan becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. India's nuclear weapons tests in 1998 emboldened Pakistan to conduct its own tests that same year. In November 2008, terrorists originating from Pakistan conducted a series of coordinated attacks in Mumbai, India's financial capital. Despite pressing problems such as significant overpopulation, environmental degradation, extensive poverty, and widespread corruption, economic growth following the launch of economic reforms in 1991 and a massive youthful population are driving India's emergence as a regional and global power.

India is a federal parliamentary republic.

Source: CIA World Factbook

Government of India Resources

Displaying 16 - 20 of 93
Library Resource
Other legal document
December, 2015
India

Environmental Information System (ENVIS), established by Government of India, in December, 1982 provides environmental information to different stakeholders etc. This webapge provides information on area, number of committee, membership, benefits related to Joint Forest Management in India state-wise. It also provides state-wise forest cover (1987-2015).

Library Resource
India State of Forest Report 2015
Reports & Research
April, 2015
India

Status of Forest Report is published every two years by Forestr Survey of India, an autonomous agency under Indian Ministry of Environment and Forest.


It covers forest areas, forest cover, density, mapping, etc with information from national, States and district level. 

Library Resource
Legislation & Policies
March, 2015
India

The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 is a legislation in India. It amended the Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act, 1957 and replaced the ordinance promulgated in January 2015.The bill seeks to bring transparency to the allocation of mining licence process by auctions.


The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Ordinance, 2015 was promulgated on 12 January 2015.The bill seeking to replace it was passed in the Lok Sabha on 3 March 2015 and in the Rajya Sabha on 20 March 2015.

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