Efforts to thwart the trafficking of conflict commodities to finance wars constitute an ongoing endeavour. As specific approaches become effective for certain commodities, belligerent actors pursue new forms of exploitation.
In 2021, the Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission in the Gambia, which enjoys a 90 per cent public approval rating, according to a 2021 survey, completed its three-year mandate. It submitted a 17-volume final report to the President in November 2021, which was made public on 24 December.
The ongoing use of landscape-based conflict commodities — diamonds and other minerals, timber, wildlife, etc. — to finance wars continues to evolve. The success with which such commodities can be transacted to support militaries, militias and insurgencies has led belligerents to innovate with additional commodities.
This one-pager provides details on the LAND-at-scale project in Burundi. This project is implemented by ZOA, VNG International and MiPAREC, and financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs via the Netherlands Enterprise & Development Agency.
This one-pager provides details on the LAND-at-scale project in Burkina Faso. This project is implemented by Nitidae, Observatoire National du Foncier Burkina Faso (ONF-BF), Oxfam Burkina Faso, and financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs via the Netherlands Enterprise & Development Agency.
This one-pager provides details on the LAND-at-scale project in Somalia. This project is implemented by International Organization for Migration (IOM); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); UN-Habitat; Regional Coordination Office Somalia (RCO), and financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs via the Netherlands Enterprise & Development Agency.
These messages were developed based on the field experience in fragile and crisis affected contexts of UN-Habitat and the partners of the Global Land Tool Network and the HLP Area of Responsibility of the Global Protection Cluster.
Over the past two decades, policymakers have expressed considerable optimism about the capacity of international development to curb transnational migration, yet there is a dearth of research examining how and under what conditions development interventions impact migration decisions.
La réponse à la demande accrue de produits alimentaires accentue la pression exercée au niveau mondial sur les ressources que sont les eaux, les terres et les sols. L’agriculture a un rôle à jouer dans l’allégement de cette pression et dans la concrétisation des objectifs en matière de climat et de développement.
